JAMA Intern. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. The rate among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose, was three times the rate among adults who received a booster or additional dose. as well as other partner offers and accept our. * Data are from a weighted sample of hospitalized nonpregnant adults with completed medical record abstractions and a discharge disposition. In this analysis, we estimated the odds ratio (OR) of vaccination of mothers of infants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 versus infants who tested negative using logistic regression models conditioned (stratified) on the calendar date of the test so that infants testing positive on a certain day were compared to infants testing negative on that same day. Percentages presented were weighted to account for the probability of selection for sampled cases (3). Stock, Jade Carruthers, Rachael Wood, Joshua Guedalia, Michal Lipschuetz, Ofer Beharier, Tobias Homan, Sara Mazzilli, Domenico Martinelli, Manaf AlQahtani, Xing Du, Siddhartha Mukherjee, Jussipekka Salo, Milla Hgg, Lauri Sksvuori, Hiam Chemaitelly, Houssein H. Ayoub, Laith J. Abu-Raddad, Nature Communications Background: Risk stratification models have been developed to identify patients that are at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness. Iowa does not provide data on vaccination status. Maternal vaccination with at least two doses reduced the infants risk of testing SARS-CoV-2 positive initially by 84% which decreased to 56% by 6 months of life in the Delta dominant period. Pediatr. Percentages presented for demographic characteristics are weighted column percentages. Article During the proxy omicron period, we found a vaccine effectiveness of 70% (95% confidence interval . All adults should stay up to date (1) with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. Infect. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in The cumulative monthly age-adjusted hospitalization rate during January 2022 among unvaccinated adults (528.2) was 12 times the rates among those who had received a booster or additional dose (45.0) and four times the rates among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose (133.5). It is not inevitable that viral evolution leads to lower severity. B, Severe outcomes included hospitalization and death. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the study population and calculated crude rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization by maternal vaccination status. Starting the week ending December 4, 2021, Maryland data are not included in weekly rate calculations but are included in previous weeks. As infants aged, protection provided by maternal vaccination decreased during both periods. From Jan 1 to Mar 16, 2022, when Omicron was predominant, 4,781 (0.02%) of 19,473,570 booster recipients died of COVID-19, and 58,020 (0.3%) died of other causes. https://doi.org . Receipt of COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy and preterm or small-for-gestational-age at birtheight integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 15, 2020-July 22, 2021. Wkly. Partially vaccinated adults, and those who received a single dose of a 1-dose product <14 days before the positive SARS-CoV-2 test result were not included in analyses by vaccination status but were included in rates and overall proportions that were not stratified by vaccination status. The infection fatality rate from Covid-19 fell more than 10-fold from a little more than 1 per cent in January 2021 to 0.1 per cent in July as the UK's vaccination campaign was rolled out, and . DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7112e2. MMWR and Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report are service marks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Correspondence to 26 Among those fully vaccinated individuals 5 years of age who are booster eligible, only 49% have received a . Among these infants, for our main analysis, we excluded 21,891 (35.2%) based on maternal exclusion criteria and 10,412 (16.8%) after applying infant exclusion criteria (Fig. J. Omicron up to 70% less likely to need hospital care - BBC News Like all observational studies, our study results are susceptible to residual confounding. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. CAS Persons with multiple, unknown, or missing race accounted for 6.9% (weighted) of all cases. Omicron Is Not More Severe for Children, Despite Rising By the end of December, Omicron made up 58% of all cases in the US, per Our World in Data, but Delta is thought to cause more severe disease and more hospitalizations than Omicron on average. Hospitalization rates during peak Omicron circulation (January 2022) among unvaccinated adults remained 12 times the rates among vaccinated adults who received booster or additional doses and four times the rates among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose. Chi-square tests were used to compare differences between the Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods; p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Additional limitations include the inability to estimate the effectiveness of vaccines received prior to pregnancy onset. Pregnant women were excluded because their reasons for hospital admission (4) might differ from those for nonpregnant persons. "The subpopulations with the highest risk should be considered a priority for COVID-19 therapeutics and further booster doses.". Kids and Omicron: COVID Hospitalizations Soar Among NY Children - NBC This work was supported by grants from the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Medical Research Council (NMF, WH, SB, EV, ACG [Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis; MR/R015600/1], DDA, AMP [MC/UU/00002/11], and SRS [MC/UU/00002/10]); Medical Research Council UKRIDepartment of Health and Social Care National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) COVID-19 rapid response call (NMF, SB [MR/V038109/1], TN, AC, DDA, and AMP [MC/PC/19074]); the NIHR Health Protection Units in: Modelling and Health Economics (NMF, WH, SB, EV, AC, and ACG [NIHR200908]), Behavioural Science and Evaluation (AC and DDA), and Respiratory Infections (JLB); Wellcome Trust (SFunk and SA [210758/Z/18/Z]); philanthropic funding from Community Jameel (NMF, WH, SB, and EV); and the UKRI Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (SFlax [EP/V002910/2]). Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on the In-Hospital Prognosis of Patients Questions or messages regarding errors in formatting should be addressed to Coinciding with Omicron variant predominance, COVID-19associated hospitalization rates among adults increased in late December 2021 and peaked in January 2022; rates increased more among Black adults relative to rates among adults of other racial and ethnic groups. The results were published yesterday in JAMA Network Open. According to the CDC, hospitalization rates among the unvaccinated were 16 times higher in December overall. Effectiveness of COVID-19 Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in preventing COVID-19-associated emergency department and urgent care encounters and hospitalizations among nonimmunocompromised children and adolescents aged 5-17 yearsVISION Network, 10 states, April 2021-January 2022. Data were available for researchers who meet the criteria for access to Kaiser Permanente Northern California confidential data. Laurie M. Billing and Kenzie Teno report grants from the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists during the conduct of the study. Objectives To develop and implement a scoring tool to identify COVID-19 patients that are at risk for severe illness during the Omicron wave. Informed consent was waived because this was a data-only study with no direct contact with participants. Symptoms are abstracted from the medical chart and might not be complete. Age-adjusted rates were calculated by dividing the number of hospitalized COVID-19 patients by population estimates for race/ethnicity, and vaccination status in the catchment area. Evaluation of acute adverse events after Covid-19 vaccination during pregnancy. Am. Wkly. Just 28% of children in the age group - around 8 million . All HTML versions of MMWR articles are generated from final proofs through an automated process. Gynecol. Cite this article. During the first 6 months of life, 940 (3.10%) infants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and 10 (0.03%) infants were hospitalized with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Rates cannot be stratified by pregnancy status because the underlying population of pregnant women in the catchment area is unknown. NHS Test and Trace statistics (England): methodology. TN, NMF, SFlax, SFunk, SA, SB, and ST did the formal analysis. Our additional supplemental analysis suggests that pregnant persons who received at least one vaccine dose before pregnancy should complete their vaccination series during pregnancy to provide protection to their children during the first 6 months of life. Evaluation of the relative virulence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants: a retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada. Vaccinated patients were older (68 vs. 57 years), and 62% had at least one comorbidity Admission to the ICU was 20%, and the mortality rate at 30 days was 14%. Trends in disease severity and health care utilization during the early Omicron variant period compared with previous SARS-CoV-2 high transmission periodsUnited States, December 2020January 2022. And in a second large study during the Omicron period, older people, men, and residents of nursing homes or in low-income areas were most at risk for post-booster COVID-19 death in England, but the risk was very low. Age-adjusted hospitalization rates among Black adults peaked at 94.7 (January 8, 2022), higher than that among all other racial and ethnic groups, 3.8 times the rate among White adults (24.8) for the same week, and 2.5 times the previous peak (January 16, 2021) among Black adults (37.2). Study finds Omicron hospital risk 10 times higher in unvaccinated Google Scholar. While Omicron caused a big spike in COVID-19 cases, vaccinated people continued to be less likely to be hospitalized than the unvaccinated. South Africa omicron crisis: Cases, hospitalizations and - CNBC Danino, D. et al. What are the implications for public health practice? Selected counties in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Tennessee, and Utah (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6915e3.htm). The average age of participants was 60.8 years, and 92.0% were White. All adults should stay up to date (1) with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. Clinical information was abstracted for 5,681 adults with COVID-19associated hospitalization during July 1, 2021January 31, 2022 (Table). N. Engl. In addition, our study period included two different SARV-CoV-2 variants, which allowed estimation of the effectiveness of vaccination during pregnancy in infants during both the Delta and Omicron variant periods. CDC. volume14, Articlenumber:894 (2023) *** An additional 172 (3.4%, 95% CI = 2.7%4.2%) adults were partially vaccinated, 69 (0.9%, 95% CI=0.61.2) received a primary vaccination series <14 days before receiving a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result, and 186 (4.1%) had unknown vaccination status; these groups are not further described in this analysis. Moline HL, Whitaker M, Deng L, et al. This is in keeping with the age profile. Data among adults over 50 showed that a booster shot gave even stronger protection. conducted all statistical analysis in collaboration with O.Z. Omicron vaccine effectiveness estimates for 7 to 59 days, 60 to 119 days, and 240 days or more after the second dose are not presented owing to imprecision in the estimates and wide 95% CIs (ie, 100 percentage points). Like influenza and Tdap vaccines15,16, data suggest that vaccination during pregnancy may protect infants who are not old enough to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Additional recommendations followed and data availability on booster-dose status varies by age because not all age groups were recommended by ACIP to receive booster doses at the same time. Estimated Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines Against Omicron or Delta In January 2022, unvaccinated adults and those vaccinated with a primary series, but no booster or additional dose, were 12 and three times as likely to be hospitalized, respectively, as were adults who received booster or additional doses. Over the entire study period, the crude rate of hospitalization with a SARS-CoV-2 positive test was lower during the first 6 months of life among infants whose mothers received at least two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy compared with infants whose mothers were unvaccinated during pregnancy (21/100,000 PY vs. 100/100,000 PY). N. Engl. J. Med. Protection during both periods decreased as infants aged. Experts say they. Adults with a positive result whose SARS-CoV-2 test date was 14 days after the first dose of a 2-dose series but <14 days after receipt of the second dose were considered partially vaccinated. Hospitalization Risk from Omicron 'Around a Third of Delta' - WebMD These findings are consistent with estimates of booster effectiveness against symptomatic Omicron infection using healthcare ascertainment. Ferdinands, J. M. et al. Severe cases may increase in the wake of holiday parties where people of all ages mixed. Further information on research design is available in theNature Portfolio Reporting Summary linked to this article. ***** An additional 172 (3.4%, 95% CI=2.7%4.2%) adults were partially vaccinated, 69 (0.9%, 95% CI=0.61.2) received a primary vaccination series <14 days before a positive for SARS-CoV-2 test result, and 186 (4.1%) had unknown vaccination status; these groups are not further described in this analysis.