hydroquinone solubility in glycerin

Thank you for your inquiry and interest in ChemPoint. Hydroquinone is sold by chemical suppliers. &"oq YcbX.=a*t R@ J. Chem. The protective system can be an entrapment system, a single or multi-laminar system, such as by formation of vesicle, such as a liposome, or by utilizing wax, paraffin, silicone, polyethylene or any material or system which protects the retinoid from oxidation. Place water in container then bring the temperature to 15c in a boil bath then add products at this point when youre making the lotion u will need to add the other ingredients. Appearance: Free-flowing white crystalsOdor: OdorlessMolecular weight: 110.11Empirical formula: C6H6O2Assay (Anhydrous basis): 99.0-100.5 %Melting point: 172-174CWater: 0.5 wt % max.Residue on ignition: 0.5 % maxSolubility: Moderately soluble in water, glycerin, propylene glycol, and highly soluble in ethanol, Can work in conjunction with glycolic acid to help reduce pigment in melasma Non-GMOExtremely low vapor pressureUSP GradeEuropean Pharma GradeDrug master file available upon request. endstream endobj 276 0 obj <>stream 65, 5786 (1998), Y.-H. Zhang, Trends Analyt. Cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, including inorganic salts, preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, and amino acyl derivatives, preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, are preferred in this invention. 552591, Z. Esina, M. Korchuganova, Theor. This study was funded by Ministre de l'Enseignement Suprieur et de la Recherche Scientifique. Production of Hydroquinone Industrial production of hydroquinone usually happens in two ways. Compositions according to this invention may include additives or components to enhance the skin penetration of its ingredients. Uv Curable Cellulose Esters- .- Antioxidants, preferably sulfites, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts, and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, have been used to stabilize certain compositions, which have included hydroquinone. 0000003660 00000 n The obtained results show that the . Continue rinsing.IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.Avoid release to the environment.WARNING: The information provided on this web site was developed in compliance with European Union (EU) regulations and is correct to the best of our knowledge, information and belief at the date of its publication. M1 and M2 microemulsions contain ethanol as co-surfactant. P, Kind code of ref document: The solubilities of benzoic acid, salicylic acid, resorcinol and hydroquinone in water and in 1-octanol were measured by the dynamic method which is also called the synthetic method from 297.25 K to 334.45 K. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC Q2000 and SDT Q600), the melting temperature and the enthalpy of fusion of these solutes were determined. GHS H Statement: Causes serious eye damage.Suspected of causing genetic defects.May cause an allergic skin reaction.Suspected of causing cancer.Harmful if swallowed.Very toxic to aquatic life. The original Acros Organics product / item code or SKU reference has not changed as a part of the brand transition to Thermo Scientific Chemicals. Using a laser-monitoring observation technique, the solubility of hydroquinone in water, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and acetic acid were measured at temperatures ranging from 276.65 K to 345.10 K under the atmospheric pressure. Diamines, useful in the rubber industry as antiozone agents, are similarly produced from aniline: Hydroquinone has a variety of uses principally associated with its action as a reducing agent that is soluble in water. Hydroquinone is combustible when preheated. This website uses cookies. Skin Contact Wash off immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. We apologize! 2005 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. How do I dissolve hydroquinone powder to make a 20% and 10% concentration? I did that by using 1 cup of cream, 4tbsp of hydroquinone and 4tbsp of water or solvent. Part of Springer Nature. Data 51, 127129 (2006), J. Lim, S. Jang, H. K. Cho, M. S. Shin, H. Kim, J. Chem. 132, 165172 (2018), X. Li, Q. Yin, W. Chen, J. Wang, J. Chem. [24], Numerous studies have revealed that hydroquinone, if taken orally, can cause exogenous ochronosis, a disfiguring disease in which blue-black pigments are deposited onto the skin; however, skin preparations containing the ingredient are administered topically. In the environment, hydroquinone showed increased toxicity for aquatic organisms, being less harmful for bacteria and fungi. I've been presented with the problem of trying to dissolve Hydroquinone in a solvent other than water. Hi, let us know if you have any questions as you visit our website. endstream endobj 1 0 obj <> endobj 2 0 obj <> endobj 12 0 obj <>stream AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR, Kind code of ref document: Re: How to dissolve Hydroquinone to make 4 oz. Environ. Hydroquinone USP, Eastman - ChemPoint Lastly, I'd like to add benzoic acid for preservation purposes. A further embodiment of the invention includes a method for stabilizing a hydroquinone composition (with about 1% to about 12% hydroquinone, preferably about 2% to about 10%, more preferably about 2% to about 8%, and most preferably about 3% to about 4%) with a neutral pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, by adding a water-soluble antioxidant, preferably sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, and a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium ascorbyl phosphate, more preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. At 40C, 4% hydroquinone compositions have the same color stability with slightly more sodium metabisulfite, at least about 0.01% at about 3.5 to about 4.0 pH; at least about 0.05% sodium metabisulfite at about 4.5 to about 6.0 pH; and at pH; at least about 0.05% sodium metabisulfite at about 4.5 to about 6.0 pH; and at least about 0.10% sodium metabisulfite at about 6.5 to about 7.0 pH. How to dissolve Hydroquinone to make 4 oz. - ACS Community Retinoid compositions, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin) are known to be effective in improving rough skin texture, mottled pigmentation, sallow complexion, lines and wrinkles. 2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0- @8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9 Hydroquinone: Environmental Pollution, Toxicity, and Microbial Answers Airborne hydroquinone may be oxidized to quinone at ordinary . All Rights Reserved, View All Eastman Hydroquinone USP Articles. However, these hydroquinone-containing compositions were in the acidic pH range and did not contain cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, such as magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. HyTSwoc [5laQIBHADED2mtFOE.c}088GNg9w '0 Jb Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in Preparation, optimization and in vivo. [33], Hydroquinone has been shown to be one of the chemical constituents of the natural product propolis. The experimental solubility data was well-correlated with the data, calculated by . GHS P Statement: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Eng. Eng. Examples of suitable methods of encapsulation include encapsulation by liposomes, wax, paraffin or any material or combination of materials which protect the retinoid from exposure to oxygen and inhibit oxidation of the retinoid from oxidation. Table I shows that at 5C, 4% hydroquinone compositions maintain their white color with the addition of at least about 0.01% sodium metabisulfite at the low pH ranges (from about 3.50 to about 5.50) and at least 0.05% sodium metabisulfite for pH about 6.0 to about 7.0. You take the cream, put it in a container, take the powder measurement and add it. However, hydroquinone discolors at the pH range of 7.0 to 8.5. This invention relates to methods and compositions for the treatment of pigmentation disorders, including hyperpigmentation and vitiligo. The Density of hydroquinone is . 230, 176183 (2005), A. Apelblat, E. Manzurola, N. A. Balal, J. Chem. English, J.C. and Deisinger, P.J. International Journal of Thermophysics This saturated dicarboxylic acid exists as a white powder. 0000004433 00000 n [32], Hydroquinone is thought to be the active toxin in Agaricus hondensis mushrooms. The protective system can be an entrapment system, a single or multi- laminar system, such as by the formation of vesicles such as a liposome or by utilizing wax, paraffin, silicone, polyethylene, or any material or system which protects the retinoid from oxidation. With an account you can check out faster, view your online order history and access your shopping bag or saved items from any device. Correspondence to Other properties of hydroquinone are given in Table 1. D-170D Solubility of EASTMAN Hydroquinone and Derivatives Subject: Hydroquinone and hydroquinone derivatives listed in this publication are used as intermediates for manufacturing a variety of products and as polymerization inhibitors for vinyl monomers and unsaturated polyester resins. 29(3): 283-330, 1999. Solubility of Hydroquinone in Different Solvents from 276.65 K to 345. Best Budget Hydroquinone Cream Ambi Skincare Fade Cream (56g/2oz) View on Amazon. Hope it helps 6 yrs later. This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions. ChemPoint will not under any circumstances release personal user information to individuals or companies. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, Hydroquinone oxidation with V2O5/NaClO3/H2SO4, http://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Hydroquinone&oldid=11523, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, GNU Free Documentation License 1.3 or later. Other adverse effects 0000002544 00000 n Phillip M. Hudnall "Hydroquinone" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. Place an order online, track your orders, download SDS and TDS, and see your quotes, all in one secure place. PDF HYDROQUINONE - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-020-02750-4, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-020-02750-4. Please sign in to view account pricing and product availability. As utilized herein, the inhibition of the retinoid oxidation should be sufficient to prohibit browning of the composition for its shelf life, preferably greater than about six months, more preferably greater than about twelve months, and most preferably greater than about eighteen months. We have discovered that a hydroquinone composition (with about 1 to about 12% hydroquinone, preferably with about 2% to about 10%, more preferably with about 2% to about 8%, more preferably with about 2% to about 4%, most preferably with about 3% to about 4% hydroquinone) with preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, can include cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium ascorbyl phosphate, more preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate as an antioxidant and the color destabilization problems are appreciably less as compared to hydroquinone compositions without such a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters in the neutral pH range: preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. It is understood that while the invention has been described in conjunction with the detailed description thereof, that the foregoing description is intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the scope of the appended claims. Hydroquinone (C6H4(OH)2), also known as benzene-1,4-diol or quinol, is an aromatic organic compound, with a variety of uses in chemistry. It does not have the same predisposition to cause dermatitis as metol does. Rev. HMkA+"c>jZ^ho=81NW;]Ib;+i#iFArHpz). `9F6~qg3]0,#!V9Q> p=|h| vz >I d50dwp?i4,H3. If you are already a ChemPoint customer then sign up for access to our online ordering website. Mobility in soil No additional information available 12.5. Other aspects, advantages, and modifications are evident from a review of the following claims. However, a problem with a formulation containing both retinoids and hydroquinone has been their incompatible pH ranges. Eastman Hydroquinone, USP, meets or exceeds the requirements of the United States Pharmacopoeia and is produced under conditions of current good manufacturing practices (cGMP). I'd like the consistency to be thin like a gel so that it absorbs quicker. Thermodyn. 109. Anal. Polysorbate 20 0.5% 0.15g. 388, 7381 (2010), H. Li, G. Hu, F. Guo, L. Zhao, J. Zhu, Y. Zhang, Can. As a polymerisation inhibitor, exploiting its antioxidant properties, hydroquinone prevents polymerization of acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, cyanoacrylate, and other monomers that are susceptible to radical-initiated polymerization. Solubility of Hydroquinone in Different Solvents from 276.65 K to 345. Fill out the form below, and we will send you the document as soon as we can! Ferulic acid 0.5% 0.15g. Variations in pH have proven to result in excessive discoloration ranging from brownish to black. Other properties of hydroquinone are given in Table 1. While the hydroquinone is effective for the pigmentation disorder treatment, retinoid is used for its skin treatment benefits. G(DC:!c?5w [QDP, f\01j&8ea]Ke~z d _5H^j0M.|Y^bYb[Rm~-[ImSv. ;4kNNw?r yn^EOwCDyd>_?TU^vyss*|g9A1 avr 2o~molpb|CZTu(70 CKRu)(5O_^6|Qta', uG70]'vt|n3Xh[vMTc.{o0Y#(O5\/mGfI+L0~1E1~hi:ZY_W6n*EaSn*R+I)Pw|y\^/te;yO. 12.4. J. Pharm. Hydroquinone[1] Idrochinone Quinol 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene p-dihydroxybenzene p-hydroxyphenol 1,4-Hydroxy benzene Identifiers CAS Number 123-31-9 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image Beilstein Reference 605970 ChEBI CHEBI:17594 Y ChEMBL ChEMBL537 Y ChemSpider 764 Y DrugBank DB09526 ECHA InfoCard 100.004.199 EC Number 204-617-8 Gmelin Reference 2742 V)gB0iW8#8w8_QQj@&A)/g>'K t;\ $FZUn(4T%)0C&Zi8bxEB;PAom?W= Hydroquinone, 99.5%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals 5g, Glass Bottle Quantity: 5g 50g 250g 1kg 5kg Packaging: Glass Bottle Plastic Drum Plastic bottle Description This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Acros Organics product portfolio. Methylaminophenol, used in photography, is produced in this way:[8]. 38, 565571 (2006), K. Carlsson, B. Karlberg, Anal. Most preferably, when both a water-soluble antioxidant, preferably sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, and a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, are present, the color of the hydroquinone composition is stabilized in the neutral pH range, preferably for greater than about six months, more preferably for greater than about twelve months and most preferably for greater than about eighteen months. The solubilities of benzoic acid, salicylic acid, resorcinol and hydroquinone in water and in 1-octanol were measured by the dynamic method which is also called the synthetic method from 297.25K to 334.45K. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC Q2000 and SDT Q600), the melting temperature and the enthalpy of fusion of these solutes were determined. There are various other uses associated with its reducing power. The present invention is not to be limited by any mechanism described in the specification, because it is defined by the claims. 38, 40814091 (1999), J. Qingzhu, M. Peisheng, Y. Shouzhi, W. Qiang, W. Chang, L. Guiju, J. Chem. Hydroquinone (EHC 157, 1994) - International Programme on Chemical Safety Also in this embodiment is a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, which further helps to maintain the acceptable color desired in the hydroquinone composition. Hydrogen peroxide is used and the reaction gives a mixture of hydroquinone and catechol: An accessible route involves the reaction of sodium hydroxide with 1,4-dichlorobenzene. application/pdf In 1-octanol, the decreasing order of the solubility of these compounds is as follows: resorcinol>benzoic acid>salicylic acid>hydroquinone. An improvement in the color stability of the 4% hydroquinone compositions is seen at and above 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate in the 6-7 pH range. Using a laser-monitoring observation technique, the solubility of hydroquinone in water, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and acetic acid were measured at temperatures ranging from 276.65 K to 345.10 K under the atmospheric pressure. PDF HYDROQUINONE HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDE - World Health Organization Hydroquinone, 99.5%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals LSPS, Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Et Pharmacologie Structurale, University of Tlemcen, BP 119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria, Department of Biology, University of Ghardaia, BP 455, 47000, Ghardaia, Algeria, You can also search for this author in Monobenzone is the monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone used medically for depigmentation. Boucif Belhachemi. Solubilities of hydroquinone and p-quinone in - ScienceDirect The experimental solubilities were correlated using two regression equations. [21][25][23] NTP evaluation showed some evidence of long-term carcinogenic and genotoxic effects[26], While hydroquinone remains widely prescribed for treatment of hyperpigmentation, questions raised about its safety profile by regulatory agencies in the EU, Japan, and USA encourage the search for other agents with comparable efficacy. PubMedGoogle Scholar. N')].uJr Hydroquinone - Sciencemadness Wiki Discoloration of hydroquinone compositions may be accelerated by repeated exposure to oxygen or exposing the compositions to high temperatures, which may be found inside a car or delivery vehicle on a hot sunny day. hydroquinone, 1,4-benzenediol, quinol, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, p-benzenediol, 4-hydroxyphenol, p-hydroquinone, p-hydroxyphenol, p-dihydroxybenzene, benzoquinol, Electrophoresis, Western Blotting and ELISA, Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Reagents, Laboratory Syringe Needles and Accessories, Lab Coats, Aprons, and Other Safety Apparel, Sharps Disposal Containers and Accessories, Classroom Laboratory Supplies and Consumables, Applied Biosystems TaqMan Assay and Arrays Search Tool, Applied Biosystems TaqMan Custom Assay Design Tools, Applied Biosystems Custom qPCR Primers and TaqMan Probes Tool, Chemical Storage and Management Resource Center, Solubility in water: 70g/L in water (20C). 0000002379 00000 n Hydroquinone Safety Data Sheet according to Federal Register / Vol. Table II shows that at 5C, 4% hydroquinone compositions maintain their white or light straw color with the addition of at least about 0.5% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate at the low pH ranges (from about 3.50 to about 5.50) and when about 1.0 to about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is used in the pH range of about 7.0. Hydroquinone is highly susceptible to ring substitution by Friedel-Crafts reactions such as alkylation. Hydroquinone is considered to be readily biodegrable and photodegradable. isosorbide, Ascorbic acid, i.e. Solubility of Hydroquinone. This is seen at about a pH of 3.50 with at least about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, and again at a pH of about 6.5 to about 7.0 with at least about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. Conversion factors (at 25 oc and normal atmospheric pressure) 1 ppm = 4.5 mg!m 3 Solubility of Hydroquinone : r/OrganicChemistry wG xR^[ochg`>b$*~ :Eb~,m,-,Y*6X[F=3Y~d tizf6~`{v.Ng#{}}jc1X6fm;'_9 r:8q:O:8uJqnv=MmR 4 : Metabolism and disposition of hydroquinone in Fischer 344 rats after oral or dermal administration. endstream endobj 382 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -558 -307 2034 1026 ] /FontName /BCGJCE+TimesNewRoman,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 160 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 389 0 R >> endobj 383 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 181 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 278 333 333 500 0 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 333 333 0 570 0 0 0 722 667 722 722 667 611 778 778 389 500 778 667 944 722 778 611 778 722 556 667 722 722 1000 722 722 0 333 0 333 0 0 0 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 333 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 576 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /BCGJCE+TimesNewRoman,Bold /FontDescriptor 382 0 R >> endobj 384 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 929 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -249 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -184 -249 1037 929 ] /FontName /BCGKAB+ImprintMT-Shadow /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /FontFile2 390 0 R >> endobj 385 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 122 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 323 323 0 0 0 375 240 0 510 427 510 510 0 510 0 510 510 510 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 729 0 729 0 698 0 0 854 0 0 0 0 927 802 813 0 0 0 604 0 0 0 0 802 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 448 552 0 552 448 0 0 573 271 0 0 271 875 573 500 0 552 375 0 323 573 0 0 0 500 448 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /BCGKAB+ImprintMT-Shadow /FontDescriptor 384 0 R >> endobj 386 0 obj << /N 3 /Alternate /DeviceRGB /Length 2575 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream vitamin C; Salts thereof, Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00-A61K41/00, Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. Substituted derivatives of this parent compound are also referred to as hydroquinones. The aquatic toxicity of hydroquinone to fresh water fish, Daphnia, and algae was between 0.050- . 0000003430 00000 n At 40C, 4% hydroquinone compositions are more likely to excessively discolor and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate helps to stabilize the color, by preventing the brownish black discoloration and maintaining an amber color. A specific embodiment of the invention is listed in the following table. Data 53, 12781282 (2008), A. Found. Stir until uniform. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids, Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. The correlation coefficient is greater than 0.9937 for one of these two equations for the binary studied systems where the solvent is either water or 1-octanol. trailer << /Size 393 /Info 347 0 R /Root 375 0 R /Prev 573815 /ID[<6893db2526a970a0c364cca2e99ca522>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 375 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 346 0 R /Metadata 348 0 R >> endobj 391 0 obj << /S 2217 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 392 0 R >> stream Retinoids are included in the invention from about 0.01 to about 5%, preferably from about 0.025% to about 2.0%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 1%, and most preferably from about 0.025% to about 0.5%. Heat Mass Transf. Hydroquinone is a white crystalline solid, poorly soluble in water, but more soluble in organic solvents. Your document download will begin shortly. Sodium metabisulfite has the added advantage that it does not discolor by oxidation. ADS By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of cookies. Hydroquinone skin cream, gel, emulsion, lotion, or solution Gravimetric method is used to measured hydroquinone solubility in water, ethanol and in water+ethanol binary mixtures at temperatures (293.15, 295.15, 298.15, 300.15, 303.15, 305.15, 308.15, 310.15 and 313.15)K. Mole fractions solubility of hydroquinone are correlated with temperature by using the Apelblat equation. Read our Privacy Notice. Protected retinoid, with its skin benefit capabilities, may also be included with the hydroquinone composition. Privacy Policy. S.C. Gad, T. Pham, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition), 2014 Environmental Fate and Behavior. Other solubilities: soluble in alcohol and ether,slightly soluble in benzene,readily soluble in ethanol,acetone and methanol, Needle-like Crystals or Crystalline Powder. The obtained results show that the solubility of benzoic acid in water is greater than that of salicylic acid, but in the case of the two isomers of dihydroxybenzene, the solubility of resorcinol is approximately 100 times that of hydroquinone. Such carriers are widely known in the art and deliver the composition's ingredients to the skin without excessive degradation, inactivation or other unwanted interaction. Retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), which are protected have been shown to also be color stable in hydroquinone, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and sodium metabisulfite composition at about a neutral pH, preferably from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably from about 6.0 to about 7.5.

hydroquinone solubility in glycerin 2023